Machine for serrating pinking shears



July 17, 1956 A. WERTEPNY ET AL 2,

MACHINE FOR SERRATING PINKING SHEARS Original Filed May 12, 1949 I5 Sheets-Sheet l 21 ALEXANDER WERTEPNY y 17, 1956 A. WERTEPNY ETAL 2,754,727

MACHINE FOR SERRATING PINKING SHEARS Original Filed May 12, 1949 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 H ALEXANDER- weanamv and RUDOLPH we'RTEPNY United States Patent MACHINE FOR SERRATING PINKING SHEARS Alexander Wertepny, Des Plaines, and Rudolph J. Wertepny, Chicago, Ill., assignors of sixty per cent to Stanley A. Wertepny, Edward M. Wertepny, and Benjamin Luscalzo, Chicago, Ill.

Originalapplication May 12, 1949, Serial No. 92,926,

now Patent No. 2,643,584, dated June 30, 1953. Divided and this application November 2, 1950, Serial No. 193,596

6 Claims. (Cl. 90-18) This application is a division of currently pending appication Serial Number 92,926, now Patent No. 2,643,584 granted June 30, 1953, filed May 12, 1949.

Our novel invention relates to a new machine for use in the art of the manufacture of pinking shears and relates to a new and novel machine adapted to cut curved and arcuately faced teeth in the blades of a pinking shear, and embodying a novel device adapted to hold a blade blank in a predetermined position with relation to the pivotal axis of a cutting device, which cutting device will cut the ultimate arcuate teeth and arcuately surfaced teeth in pinking shear blades.

Prior to our invention, the cost of manufacture of pinking shears had been relatively great because no means had been devised or used whereby arcuately faced cutting teeth could be formed, cut or milled economically and rapidly and in a single operation. The

most recent structure which has been used, prior to our device could not produce the desired result satisfactorily and could not overcome one of the main difiiculties encountered, namely that of having to bend the handle of the shears out of the path of the cutting means to enable the teeth to be cut. Additionally, in said most recent structure, the problem of how to completely mill the teeth in a single operation, was not solved, at least two separate cutting operations being required. It will be seen now, by our novel machine, a multiplicity of manual operations, previously required, are completely eliminated and dispensed with. Our invention overcomes the necessity of having to manually readjust the position of the blade blank while teeth are being cut or milled therein and it completely forms the ultimate arcuately faced concentric teeth in a single operation.

It is an object of our invention to provide a machine in which but a single mounting of a blade blank is necessary in order to cut the ultimate cutting teeth in a pinking shear blade.

It is a further object of our invention to provide a novel machine in which a shear blade blank, once mounted, may be advanced along a predetermined path toward a cutting tool so that the cutting tool will mill all the teeth, in the blade, simultaneously.

It is additionally an object of our invention to provide, a novel mounting means for mounting the blade blank in the desired position with respect to the cutting tool so that, once mounted, no additional adjustment of the blade blank is necessary other than the advancement of said mounting means toward the cutting tool, the curved arcuate teeth being completely formed concentric with the ultimate axis of the shears before removal of the blade blank from the mounting means.

It is additionally an object of our invention to provide a novel machine having a milling cutter which is frustoconical in shape and comprises a plurality of elongated arcuate cutting teeth which are formed concentric to the axis of rotation of said cutter and about the peripheral surface thereof and which cutting teeth are adapted to 2,754,727 Patented July 17, 1956 "ice I perpendicular relation with respect to the face of the cutter which is frusto-conical in shape, and then advancing the blade retained in said bracket along a predetermined path toward said rotating cutter, said cutter having curved teeth therein, until all the required teeth are cut concentrically in the shear blade, each of said blades out being adapted to cooperate with a similarly cut opposite blade to provide a pinking shears.

Other and further objects of our invention will become apparent from the following description and appended claims, reference being made to the accompanying drawings and numerals of reference appearing thereon.

On the drawings:

Fig. 1 is an elevational view of the shears which is the completed product of our novel method.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of portions of a supporting stand or base showing the cutting tool or milling cutter mounted in an operating position and showing the movable blank holding clamping device mounted in a position to move toward the cutting teeth of said cutter.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged top plan view showing the blade holding device at its ultimate point of advancement toward the cutting device and showing the teeth as cut and illustrating the step in our novel method immediately prior to withdrawal of the clamping and mounting plate and removal of the cut blank.

Fig. 4 is an elevational view of the face of the mounting plate of our clamping device after the teeth have been milled in a blade blank and showing the guide rails and central feed screw along which said carriage moves.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged View of the bracket-like clamping device, having parts broken away, and illustrating the means for gripping a blade blank.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged elevational view of one of the blades, parts being broken away and illustarting the relation of the cutteeth to the ultimate pivotal axis of the shears.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view of a cut blade flange and showing the cut teeth in elevation.

Fig. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is an elevational view looking at the front face of our novel tooth cutting device.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially on the line 10-10 of Fig. 9 and showing parts of the chuck plate and driving means broken away for the purpose of illustration. 1

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view of the chuck plate and arbor and illustrating the driver pins.

. Referring to Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings, it will be seen that numeral 21 represents the base portion of a supporting stand or frame or other suitable support used to support the machine. Integral with base 21 there is a housing member or shell 22 which houses and envelops journalled driven shaft 23 and which is connected to a power driving means, not shown, through gear transmission means, not shown. On a face of the housing member 22 there is a scale 24 which is marked for Forward, Reverse and Off and an indicator and control arm 25 which is pivotable to any of the aforesaid markings to thereby appropriately cause the power driving mechanism of the machine to be selectively transmitted and controlled. As illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, numeral 26 represents an elongated driven screw or threaded guide shaft which 3 is rotatably driven by a mechanism (not shown) of the lathe.

As illustrated in Figs. .2 3 and 4,- a1pai r of stationary parallel guide rails or tracks 27 aresuitably rnounted in spaced relation on opposite sides of the base 21,- one being preferably on one sideof thefelongated screw 26, and the other rail 27 being on the other side of the elongated screw 26. 7

As illustrated in FigJl, an elongated apertured and intern'a'lly threaded block 28 is threadingly mounted on the screw 26 and as said screw rotates,the block2i8 is adapted to move either forward or backward depending on the rotation ofsaid screw. A- recessed plate or carriage 29 is keyed or otherwise secured on saidapertured 'bloek'28, said 'plate29 being adapted tobe-moved with said block as said block is -moved -longitu'dinally by the screw 26.

The plate 'or carriage'29 is additionally maintained and portions of the guide rails "27 extend respectively, said "plate 29 being adapted to 'be guided by the rails 27 as it movesand as will bedescribed hereinafter.

"Asillustrated'in Figs. 2, 3,4 and 5, numeral 33 represents a'wide and preferably thick upwardly extending mounting plate, standard or member preferably having a base flange '34' which extends at right angles'from the'plate 33. Said mounting inerhber'33 is releasably mounted'on the plate or carriage 29 by' means such as 'screwsor bolts35'being threaded through the 'flange 34 and into slidable apertured plate29.

As"illustrated 'in'Figs. 2,4 and 5, numerals 36'designate a pair of preferably flat and elongated clamping 'brackets,strapsor retaining members which are extensible andretractable' with regard to the face of plate'33. Each threaded at the other ends "thereof; said rods orpins' being "slidable in holes or aperturespr'ovided therefor in'the p'late '33. Theplatei'll'has 'a'plu'r'ality'of annular recesses'38,

'two'of which"are illu'stratedinFig. ;said recesses being enlarged end portions of the holes or apertures in which the pins 37 slide. Expansion sp'rings'39 are seated in each of the recesses 38"respec'tively around'the'pins37 and abut -against adjacent" portions 'of the normally rear portions of the mounting straps 36. One of "the brackets 36and' itsconne'cted'p'ins 37 and springs 39' is illustrated in Fig. 5. Each of the verticallyextending-brackets or metal retaining straps 36 is mounted on the ends of two of the'pins'37by means such as screws 40 which'exten'd through straps '36 and are threaded into threaded .apertures in pins 37 respectively.

At the opposite ends thereof'the pins'37 are connected together by means of an aperturedbar or tie-41. :Said two spaced apart vertically'extending'ties 41 are loosely mounted by suitable screws on the reduced threaded end portions 73 of pins 37, as illustrated in the broken away portion at the right of Fig. 5.

As'illustrated in Figs. 2, 5 and 6, numeral74de'signates an apertured link connector or cross bar which connects ties or bars 41. Numeral 75 represents'bolts or screws which yieldablyconne'ct'cross bar 74 to 'ties41, bclts'75 being mounted in the ties 41' and being retained by nuts 76. It will benoted that'apertures or holes'77 in cross bar 74 are larger than'circumferenceofbolts or screws 75 and that said cross bar is"the'reby"per'mitted to move 'and adjust itself 'withinthe limit of"sa'id"holes"'and/or apertures, when mounted, to "thereby'equalizethe"pressure transmitted through'saidcrossbartothe ties41 and to straps 36.

As illustrated in'Figs. 2 and 5, numeral 43 designates a pair of bearing blocks or bosses which are mounted in spaced superposed and aligned relationship on the back of plate 33 in any suitable manner. In the lowermost of the bearing blocks 43 the lower end of vertically disposed shaft 45 is journalled. An upper portion of the shaft 45 is journalled in the uppermost of the bearing blocks 43. Rigidlymounted on shaft 45 is a cam 'or'eccentric member46, and said cam is aligned with the cross bar 74, so that as the cam is rotated it will slidably eugage said connector bar 74. As the cam 46 engages and moves the bar 74 to clamping position, the rods 37 draw or pull the clamping-straps 36 toward the face 'of the plate 33. When 'thecam 46 isrotated with its narrower part against said cross bar 74, the expansive spring action of springs 39 will cause the clamping straps 36 to be pushed away from the plate 33.

.An apertured manually rotatable lever or crank 47 having a handle 48. is secured to the upper end of the shaft 45 and isheld secured by means such as set screw 49, which set screw is threaded through the integral hub portion 50 of the lever or crank 47, said crank "being adapted to be-adjustably repositioned on the upper portion of the shaft 45.

As illustrated in Fig. '4, the lever 47 has a pair of normally depending ears or extensions 52 between which ispiv'otally-mounted*a pawl or 'dog 53. An expansion spring 54 connected'to the. plate 33 and to the pawl 53 normally holds the pawl in engagement with the teeth or serrations of the rack bar 51 which is preferably rigidly mounted ou the top of the plate 33.

One of the clamping members or straps 36 carries an inwardly extending stud or lug 55 which is precision made and which extends perpendicular to the plane of such strap or'clamping membe'r 36. Said stud 'or pin"55,

as illustrated in Fig. 3, is adapted to snugly fit within an'aperture'in the hub or shank 56 of the shear blank, said aperture-being concentric with the pivotal axis of the ultimately formed p'inking shears and being the means bywhich the "connection of ultimate blades of the pinking shears is facilitated. The other-of the mounting straps or clamping members 36 is provided with a recess 57- into 'which' the outer integral extension 53, shown in" Fig. 3 and in dotted lines in. Fig. 4, of the blade blank-is adapted to fit snugly. It will now be seen that the flanged blade blank 78,w'nich is preferably cast, can be rigidly mounted in a predetermined position with the integral flange facing outwardly-such as the one illustrated in Fig. 4, and that to mount said 'blade'blank in the rigid position, it would only be necessaryfor an operator to turn the lever 47 counter-clockwise toblank clamping: position'and permit the pawl 53 to' engage in the proper tooth of the ratchet51 to lock the-'cam in position. After the tooth cutting operation is completed the operator need only press down on the end of" the pawl 53 againsttheaction-of spring -54 whereupon, the clamping straps 36 willbeprojected or moved to the left 'as' in Fig.5, this because of -action of springs 39 (see Fig.

5), and then withdraw blade blank 78 from the device. Referring to Figs. 2, 3, 9 and -10, numeral 23 designates a driv'enshaft which is connected to a power driven mechanism through a reducing gear transmission (not bolts '63 which are adapted to mount thecutting tool 61 in apredetermined position with respect to the arbor 60.

As illustrated in Figs. 9, 10 and 11, we employ a pair of dowel pins, driverpins or lugs "64 which are snugly mounted in precision formed holes in arbor plate 60 in preferably diametrically opposite portions of the arbor plate 60 and in the milling cutter 61, said dowl pins 64 being adapted to absorb any shearing stresses during rotation of the arbor plate 60. The milling cutter 61 is centrally apertured and has an optional key-way adapted to receive a key (not shown).

It will be noted by referring to Figs. 2, 3 and that the cutter 61 is frusto-conical in shape and the cutting teeth 67 are arranged concentrically about the peripheral :surface thereof, so that as the cutter 61 rotates to engage and cut the arcuate teeth 68 of shear blank flange 65 the handle or finger grip 66 is maintained in angular position spaced from the cutter and will not be cut by the cutting teeth 67 of milling cutter 61. In order that the teeth 68 of the blade blank may be properly cut the shear blank flange 65 must at all times be kept substantially parallel to portion of the arcuate path taken by the apices of the cutting portions of teeth 67 during rotation of the cutter 61, and the blank 78 must be advanced into engagement with the cutting faces of the teeth67 in proper alignment thereto, and this is accomplished by mounting base 34 and the flat-faced plate 33 at a proper angle on the carriage or mounting plate 29 With respect to the rotational axis of the cutter 61, so that by moving plate 33 along the axis of rotation, the apices of the cutting portions of teeth 67 will engage the blade blank to thereby mill teeth 68 uniformly and correctly in flange 65. it should be understood that the face of plate 33 is preferably flat and that the distance of the face of flange 65 from plate 33 is preferably uniform throughout the length of said flange.

Referring to Fig. 9, it will be noted that the bolts 63 extend through the milling cutter 61 and are countersunk in holes which extend from recesses 69 which radial recesses divide the groups or segments of cutting teeth 67. The provision of radial recesses'or grooves 69 provides flutes or passages through which the cut away milled chips from the flange 65 will be discharged without impairing the operation of the milling cutter 61.

It will be understood that the cutting teeth 67 of cutter 61 are preferably arcuately faced and that they are spaced radially from the axis of rotation and that corresponding cutting edges of the, radially disposed teeth are at the same cutting elevation or projection from the peripheral surface of the cutter.

As illustrated at 70, in Fig. 2, it is to be observed that in a preferable form of the novel cutting device the concentrically disposed teeth 67 (which are preferably concentric to the axis of rotation of the cutter 61), uniformly recede or slope away from the cutting edge at the rake of said teeth and by thusly sloping the teeth a longer life is given to the cutting tool and friction during the cutting operation is lessened. It should be understood that only the forward faces of the teeth in each segment are involved in the actual cutting and milling operation. The height or projection of the cutting portion of the teeth on all the segments is substantially the same so that as the cutter rotates the advancing flange blank' 65 (which is carried on the face plate 33) will be successively milled and cut. By doing this as aforedescribed the teeth on the cutter 61 will wear away substantially equally and will always present uniform cutting surfaces and cutting surfaces of equal projection and rake. It will be understood that all the teeth will be cut of substantially uniform depth and be cut substantially at the same time as long :as the flange 65 of the shear blank is progressed into engagement with the cutter 61 in substantial parallelism to a plane through the apices of the cutting portions of the cutting teeth 67. It is appreciated that by changing the position of the flange 65 or the path along which the plate 33 advances from that aforedescribed that equivalent variations in the use of said mechanism may be achieved.

It will be understood that the teeth 68 in the shear blank flange will be arcuate and will have sloping arcuate surfaces and that the same in the form described herein will be concentric to the pivotal axis of the finished shears illustrated in Fig. 1.

The described uses of said machine which we employ is undoubtedly one of the most unique innovations in this art which has ever been conceived, and it will be understood that by predetermining relationship between the flange 65 and the cutting tool 61 and by spacing arcuate teeth in a predetermined relationship, so that the same rotate about a given pivotal axis, ultimate and cooperating teeth of the shear blank may be cut in ultimate operating shape so that no additionalcutting is necessary. We have thereby overcome one of the most costly operations which are priorly necessary in making pinking shears.

It should be understood, however, that we do not limit ourselves to a device for cutting arcuate teeth all of which are concentric to the pivotal axis, nor do we intend to limit ourselves to the recited sequence of steps for cutting teeth all of which are concentric to the pivotal axis, it being obvious that the shape, form and relative positions of the teeth 67 on the milling cutter 61 may be varied as desired to provide cutting surfaces which would cut teeth in a shear blank or die of any desired curvature, shape or position.

The teeth of the opposite blanks are cut in the same manner. However, it should be understood that the positions of the teeth 67 on the cutter used for one of the blade blanks will be slightly different than the positions of the teeth on the cutter used for the other of the blades, because the teeth 68 in the respective blades of a shear must interdig'itate in the finished shears.

After the teeth 68 have been cut as described the opposite blades are connected by a secured pivot to then pivot in a usual manner and the ears 58 are preferably removed in any suitable manner and the shears are polished.

As many changes could be made in the above construction, and as many apparently widely different embodiments of our invention within the scope of the claims could be constructed without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the accompanying specification shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

We claim:

1. In a device for cutting teeth in a pinking shear blank having a hole therein for permitting pivotal joining of a pair of blanks including a frame and driven shaft; a rotatable cutter on said shaft; integral cutting teeth having intersecting surfaces on said cutter and being disposed in a general frusto-conical surface or revolution in radially extending sections from the axis of rotation of said cutting means; a reversibly movable carriage mounted adjacent said frame and adapted to advance toward said cutter; an extendable and retractable bracket mounted on a face of said carriage and adapted to releasably retain a shear blank in a pre-determined position; a stud on said bracket adapted to snugly fit within said hole defining the ultimate axis of a shear blade to thereby properly align said shear blank with regard to said cutter, said stud intersecting the axis of rotation of said cutter substantially at the apex of said surface of revolution, the movement of said carriage being along a path to present a surface of a blade blank to the cutter which surface is parallel to said surface of revolution at the juncture of said blank surface with the apices of said cutting teeth, the rotation of said cutter as it progressively engages a blade blank mounted in said bracket being adapted to cut the ultimate teeth in the blade blank.

2. In a device for cutting arcuately faced teeth in a blade of a pinking shears including a driven shaft, an elongated driven screw; a chuck plate mounted on said driven shaft, a rotatable cutter releasably mounted on said chuck plate, said cutter being conical in shape, said cut- 7 lity at a ua ly urface tee h a ap ed I path, said teethfbeing disp osed'in @4 1 P9? nlat n 1 1? 1 1 b u'ck' plate, said teeth being, in circumterahaving. a plura t ev a re s saa rotation 'of said ferentially spacedapart groups, the teeth'in' eaeh of said ro p nngsanmmn unif mly pe e away om the 'urfa cei'of 'rsjv ttinoa defined"by the apices of" the teethj'a nroyable. carriage driyen said screw adapted rams a t n la and a pt to ca e siye' en ag entefsaid c utting'teeth with said lilj ki arid. n. e its an te r t g nte amph1g eansmonntedon a: face of said carriage and adapted to 'rleas'abl ofi'a pair of blanks, including a frame, a driven shaft .4

mon'nted on saidfframej cutting means rotatably driven saidshaft hav'ng a plurality or 'arcuately faced cutting teeth p'osi tionedl in; a general frusto-conical surface. of evolutiqs andb' i s dial y p c m i of rotationof said cutting means; a movable carriage mounted ad ac nt sa d rame a d. pte t nc toward said cutting means along a path which is parallel to the axis of rotation of said cutting means; and a bracket mounted on saidearriage adapted to releasably retain a shear blank, saidjbracket being provided with a projection insertable thricin gh said holein said blank for immovably securing said blank to said bracket, said projection intersecting the rotational axis of said cutting means substantially at the apex Ofsaid surface of revolution of said teeth.

4. In a machine for'cutting teeth in a pinking shear blank haying ahol e therein for'permitting pivotal joining of apair of blanks, including a rotatable cutter head frusto-conical in shape and having cutting teeth formed n cp minh r su fac ereof, ai th being a d radially from the axisof rotation of said cutter headj meansfor rqtatably supporting said cutter head; a shear blank holder movable, relatively to said cutter head axially along, said: axisof rotation; and shear blank mounting means carried by said holder insertable through said hole in said blank for immovably securing said blank to said holder, said means ineluding a pin having an axis intersecting the rotational axis. substantially at the apex of, saidameraeaa;

5. l-fif'a machine for cutting teeth in a pinking shearv blank, having a-hole therein for permitting pivotal joining of a pair of blanks including a frame; a cutter head carried by said frame, said head being frusto-conical in shape and having cutting teeth formed on the peripheral surface thereof; means for-rotating said cutterhead about acenterline axis; a guide on said frame; a movable carriage engageable with said guide, said carriagebeing movable relatively to said cutter head along a path parallel to said centerline axis; shear blank mounting means carried by said carriage insertable through said hole in said blank for immovably securing said blank to said carriage, said means intersecting the. rotational axis of said cutter head substantially at the apex of said head.

6. In a machine for cutting teeth in a pinking shear blank having a hole therein for permitting ultimate pivotal joining of a pair of blanksincluding a driven shaft; means for rotating said shaft; a cutter head mounted on said shaft, and having a plurality of cutting teeth, said head beingconical in shapeand said teeth being of progressively increasing distance from the apex of the head and being arranged to travel in a conical path; a movable carriage advanceable toward said head; a guide on which said carriage moves, said guide having its longitudinal axis disposed parallel to the axis of rotation of said cutter head; a bracket mounted on said carriage adapted to releasably retain a shear blank; and a pin insertable throughsai-d hole in said blank for positioning said blank on said bracket, said blank being mounted so that it extends parallel to an element of said conical path and the pin intersects the axis of said path substantially at the apex of said path.

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